Obesity risk depends on genes' effects on metabolism, appetite, and fat storage. Understanding obesity's genetics requires numerous considerations:
Genetic Predisposition: Some people are genetically predisposed to obesity, making that weight gain more likely.
Multiple genes interact to cause obesity. Multiple genetic causes cause obesity, not one gene.
Genes alter basal metabolic rate (BMR), which affects how well the body burns calories during rest. Variations in BMR affect weight management.
Genetic factors regulate appetite hormones, affecting hunger and satiety signals. Signal imbalances can alter eating.
Fat Storage and Distribution: Genes affect fat storage and distribution. Some people store fat genetically in certain regions.
Response to Exercise: Genetics can affect how well a person burns calories and manages weight through exercise.
Environmental factors including nutrition and lifestyle can modify genes epigenetically. These changes can affect gene expression and weight.